Can similarity-based models of induction handle negative evidence?

Even if we don’t like it, we often face counterexamples to the inferences we have made or would like to make. With the exception of the SimProb model (Blok, Medin & Osherson, 2007), models of inductions to date have predominantly focused on the relevance of positive evidence to the inference process. Here we provide data from single and double premise arguments in a category-based property induction task using positive and negative evidence. A simple similarity model, the Similarity-Coverage model (Osherson et al., 1990) and the SimProb model are tested on negative and mixed evidence arguments.